We are very happy and proud to announce the publication of our new book: Cultures and Ethics of Sharing / Kulturen und Ethiken des Teilens, edited jointly by Wolfgang Sützl, Felix Stalder, Ronald Maier, Theo Hug. It is a bilingual (English/German) collection of papers on empirical and theoretical aspects of sharing, both on-line and off-line. Some papers develop quite optimistic perspectives, but others show also how activities of sharing can be captured by very problematic interests. They all manage to highlight the richness of sharing in social setting and the wide-ranging questions a focus sharing brings to the fore.

Thanks a lot to all contributors to this unusual, because truly multi-disciplinary effort. We would also like to thank Innsbruck University Press for making available the book in full as free download (2mb).

From the Introduction

This is a volume of essays about sharing. Few people could have predicted that practices of sharing would gain such prominence in contemporary society. It is, arguably, one of the most unexpected developments of the early 21st century. Surprising, but not inexplicable. Over the last decade, numerous developments have taken place that created conditions under which new practices could flourish and the roles of sociability and sharing are being re-examined. For example, the very idea of man and woman as homo economicus, that is creatures that will naturally gravitate towards the pursuit of narrow self-interest and, thus, the need of society to organize itself as to make productive use of this supposed essential characteristic, has been called into question with renewed vigor.

Für die Sondernummer "Auf der Suche nach Utopia" der Zeitschrift "Indes" (Göttinger Institut für Demokratieforschung) habe ich mich auf die Suche an der dem Internet innewohnenden Utopie begeben.

Die Zeitschrift ist leider im wesentlichen nicht frei zugänglich. Habe aber im Vorfeld darauf bestanden, dass mein Artikel online gestellt wird und nun ist gibt es ihn auch als schön gestaltetes PDF.

Es wird sich dann zeigen, daß die Welt längst den Traum von einer Sache besitzt, von der sie nur das Bewußtsein besitzen muß, um sie wirklich zu besitzen. (Karl Marx, Brief an Max Ruge, September 1843)

Träumt auch das Internet von einer Sache, von der es nur Bewusstsein erlangen muss, um sie wirklich zu besitzen? Ich denke, man kann zumindest den ersten Teil diese Frage sinnvollerweise mit Ja beantworten, ohne gleich in die Sackgasse des Anthropomorphismus oder Determinismus einzubiegen. Dieser Traum wurde und wird in Internet-typischer Art von vielen, gleichzeitig und zeitlich verschoben, höchst unterschiedlich geträumt. Doch über alle Differenzen hinweg verdichten sich darin immer wieder zwei durchaus widersprüchliche Figuren: Autonomie und Kooperation. Wie für Träume üblich, sind ihre Konturen unscharf und instabil. In ihnen verschränken sich gemachte Erfahrungen in oftmals unvorhersehbarer Weise und artikulieren sich neu. Gleichzeitig stoßen sie neue Erfahrungen an, denn spätestens seit Freud wissen wir, dass Träumen, Erleben und Handeln ein Kontinuum darstellen.

As with our colleges, so with a hundred "modern improvements"; there is an illusion about them; there is not always a positive advance.
The devil goes on exacting compound interest to the last for his early share and numerous succeeding investments in them. Our inventions are wont to be pretty toys, which distract our attention from serious things. They are but improved means to an unimproved end, an end which it was already but too easy to arrive at; ... We are eager to tunnel under the Atlantic and bring the Old World some weeks nearer to the New; but perchance the first news that will leak through into the broad, flapping American ear will be that the Princess Adelaide has the whooping cough.

Source: Chapter Economy http://www.princeton.edu/~batke/thoreau/

I'm doing research on the early practices of remixing and came across this gem from the late 19th century, by Eugène Bataille a member of an art group called "les incoherènts" which I had never heard of, quite frankly. Yet they did many of the things that later the dadaist and surealists would do, a full generation earlier.